ICU护士照护机械通气病人的态度、主观行为规范及其行为意向研究

目的对成都地区三所三级甲等综合医院ICU护士照护机械通气病人的态度、主观行为规范及其行为意向进行研究,为相关的护士培训提供依据。方法应用《护士对照护机械通气病人的行为态度、主观行为规范和行为意向》量表中文修订版对近三个月内照护过机械通气病人的ICU护士进行测评,描述ICU护士照护机械通气病人的态度、主观行为规范和行为意向。结果分别有69．1％、91．3％、95．8％的ICU护士对照护机械通气病人的行为态度、主观行为规范和行为意向为正性。结果绝大多数ICU护士对照护机械通气病人持积极的行为态度、主观行为规范和行为意向。     

长沙市成人血细胞分析参考值范围的验证和建立

目的验证长沙地区引用WS/T 405-2012行业标准血细胞分析报告指标参考值范围并建立适宜该地区的研究参数的参考值范围。方法按照《临床实验室检验项目参考区间的制定》程序分析3 138例参考人群的血细胞分析结果,并与WS/T405-2012行业标准比较。结果报告参数中WBC、Neu#、Mon%、MCHC、PLT、MPV、PCT、P-LCC、P-LCR、InR‰和研究参数中的WBC-D、PDW-SD在男性和女性间差异不具有统计学意义(P0.050);WBC、Neu#、Mon%、MCHC和PLT等5项性别间无差异,指标较标准中的参考值范围变窄;男性血细胞分析指标中的Neu%、RBC、HGB、MCV和MCH等5项指标参考值范围变窄,Bas%、Lym#、Mon#和HCT等4项指标参考值范围下限升高,Bas%、Lym#、Mon#和HCT等4项指标参考值范围上限升高,Eos#和Eos%指标参考值范围上限减低,Lym%下限减低;女性血细胞分析指标中的Neu%、Lym#、Mon#和RBC指标变窄,Bas#和Bas%下限升高,Eos%、Lym%、HGB、MCV和MCH下限减低,Eos#、Eos%、Lym%、HGB、MCV和MCH上限减低而HCT上限升高。结论长沙地区应该有选择性的引用标准的参考值范围,并根据需要建立适用于该地区或本实验室的参考值范围。     

研究生的学术道德——他律与自律

研究生是我国学术研究群体的重要组成部分,近年来,研究生中出现了一系列学术不端行为,对我国人才培养的整体水平和未来学术研究的质量造成负面影响。文中对研究生学术不端行为的界定、影响因素、相关对策等进行了综述,并着重强调学术不端行为根本上反映的是个人道德品质和诚信问题,要端正研究生学术风气,杜绝学术不端行为的发生,除了良好科研学术环境的构建,还有赖于研究生加强自我学术和道德修养,做到严于自律。     

Age trajectories of physiological indices in relation to healthy life course

We analysed relationship between the risk of onset of “unhealthy life” (defined as the onset of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes) and longitudinal changes in body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, hematocrit, pulse pressure, pulse rate, and serum cholesterol in the Framingham Heart Study (Original Cohort) using the stochastic process model of human mortality and aging. The analyses demonstrate how decline in resistance to stresses and adaptive capacity accompanying human aging can be evaluated from longitudinal data. We showed how these components of the aging process, as well as deviation of the trajectories of physiological indices from those minimising the risk at respective ages, can lead to an increase in the risk of onset of unhealthy life with age. The results indicate the presence of substantial gender difference in aging related decline in stress resistance and adaptive capacity, which can contribute to differences in the shape of the sex-specific patterns of incidence rates of aging related diseases.     

中美婴儿运动表现测试常模差异分析

目的 比较中美婴儿运动表现测试(TIMP)常模,明确本地化研究和修正的重要性,为指导TIMP在国内的推广提供依据.方法 经TIMP手册正反译,评估人员培训、信度考核后,分别在华东、华北、华南、华中、西南、西北、东北区域11家医疗机构采样,建立中国TIMP常模,并就样本情况、得分情况及亚组分类与美国常模进行对比.结果 中...     

深圳市厂企劳务工心理健康状况分析

目的了解深圳市劳务工（在深圳是指没有深圳市常住户口,被用人单位招用的员工）的心理健康状况,为有针对性地开展心理卫生工作提供指导。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对深圳市龙岗区1212名厂企劳务工心理状况进行测试。结果劳务工SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性项目数以及躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性等6个因子分高于常模（P〈0.05）,总的阳性率45.71%。结论深圳市厂企劳务工心理健康状况较差,少数有较严重的心理健康问题,要对其进行适当有效的心理健康教育和干预。     

承前启后 共同推进《环境与职业医学》的发展——《环境与职业医学》杂志编委会换届暨第五届编委会第一次全体大会纪要

2009年8月20～22日,《环境与职业医学》杂志第五届编辑委员会第一次全体会议在上海召开。来自全国各地的60余位编委、专家出席了会议,主办单位上海市疾病预防控制中心、中华预防医学会和主管单位上海市卫生局的相关领导均到会表示祝贺。大会回顾了第四届编辑委员会及编辑部在推进杂志发展所开展的工作及杂志取得的初步成就;介绍了编辑委员会换届的筹备工作及第五届编委会人员构成;同时还介绍了《环境与职业医学》编辑委员会章程（修订稿）以及修改说明;宣布了第五届编辑委员会和顾问委员会成员名单;吴凡主编代表新一届编委会对杂志的未来提出了五个方面的思考。在接下来的讨论中,与会编委就杂志的进一步发展集思广益、出谋划策,提出了许多具有建设性的意见和建议,会议在隆重而热烈的气氛中落幕。     

传统翻译原则和标准变异的时代背景

翻译原则和标准的多元化一直以来都是翻译理论研究的一个重要现象.影响翻译原则和标准的因素很多,历史和文化背景是其中最重要的因素,翻译原则和标准的不断变异是在特定的历史和文化背景下形成的.     

生物医学论文表格中空缺项的规范表达

根据国家标准<科学技术报告、学位论文和学术论文的编写格式>(GB7713-87)中关于科技论文表格内空缺项表示的规定,对科技论文表格中空缺项处理作了分析,分别对"空白"、"一"和"0"的正确使用进行了举例说明,指出了"空白"、"一"和"0"的错误使用可能会给科研成果的表达造成混乱.     

Predicting medical professionals’ intention to allow family presence during resuscitation: A cross sectional survey

BackgroundFamily presence during resuscitation is an emerging trend, yet it remains controversial, even in countries with relatively high acceptance of family presence during resuscitation among medical professionals. Family presence during resuscitation is not common in many countries, and medical professionals in these regions are unfamiliar with family presence during resuscitation. Therefore, this study predicted the medical professionals’ intention to allow family presence during resuscitation by applying the theory of planned behaviour.DesignA cross-sectional survey.SettingsA single medical centre in southern Taiwan.ParticipantsMedical staffs including physicians and nurses in a single medical centre (n = 714).MethodsA questionnaire was constructed to measure the theory of planned behaviour constructs of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and behavioural intentions as well as the awareness of family presence during resuscitation and demographics. In total, 950 questionnaires were distributed to doctors and nurses in a medical centre.ResultsAmong the 714 valid questionnaires, only 11 participants were aware of any association in Taiwan that promotes family presence during resuscitation; 94.7% replied that they were unsure (30.4%) or that their unit did not have a family presence during resuscitation policy (74.8%). Regression analysis was performed to predict medical professionals’ intention to allow family presence during resuscitation. The results indicated that only positive attitudes and subjective norms regarding family presence during resuscitation and clinical tenure could predict the intention to allow family presence during resuscitation.ConclusionsBecause Family presence during resuscitation practice is not common in Taiwan and only 26.19% of the participants agreed to both items measuring the intention to allow family presence during resuscitation, we recommend the implementation of a family presence during resuscitation education program that will enhance the positive beliefs regarding family presence during resuscitation as they are a significant predictor of the intention to allow family presence during resuscitation. In addition, written policies and protocols for family presence during resuscitation are also needed to increase support from subjective norms regarding family presence during resuscitation practice.